The Australian Maritime Safety Authority recently reported about an explosion on board a charter fishing vessel, when berthed. The following investigation identified that the ignition source was a lithium-ion battery that was not holding charge, connected to a battery charger in a way that bypassed the battery management safety system.
The force of the explosion scattered debris up to 30 metres and ejected a 200kg deck winch and a section of deck, which came to rest at the vessel’s stern. While there was evidence of smoke and fire, the destruction was caused by the explosion itself.
The vessel owner previously reported having issues with the lithium-based battery system attached to the pot winch on board. He had purchased a new charger and installation services from an auto electrician on the afternoon of the incident. The electrician was working on the vessel and fitting the new charger temporarily to the system to be left to charge overnight. The explosion happened at night and while the vessel was berthed. Fortunately, no one was onboard at the time and no injuries were sustained. However, the vessel itself was considered beyond repair. It was also noted that the location of the lithium-ion battery installation was not ventilated as required by the Australian Standards for Commercial Vessels, Sub-section C5B Electrical.
It is essential that lithium-ion battery installations include an approved battery management system to avoid potential overcharging events. Ventilation air flows must also be in accordance with manufacturer’s specification.
Saltwater exposure can severely harm conventional lithium-ion batteries, leading to a chemical reaction that creates a high fire risk. After a storm in Florida first responders encountered numerous EV fires, where investigations have determined were caused by exposure of the lithium-ion batteries to saltwater. However, other experts claim that LiFePO4 batteries are safe on yachts.
